Why The F-22 Raptor’s Square Engine Nozzles Have Never Been Copied In 20 Years

The Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor first entered service in 2005, although it was developed during the 1990s with its roots in the Cold War of the 1980s. Barring subsequent upgrades since then, the aircraft is a fundamentally 1990s aircraft that made use of the cutting-edge technologies of the period. At the time, the F-22 came with what appeared to be the future of fighter jet nozzles: rectangular and 2D thrust vectoring.