The largest railway undertakings (RUs) in Europe are part of state-owned holdings, both for freight and passenger services, despite both markets being open to independent…
With massive rail investments incoming, there is a greater need for transparency. That is the view of the German Monopolies Commission, an advisory body to…
The deployment of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) keeps being a problem for many of the stakeholders involved. A recent study has shown…
The EU’s Import Control System 2 (ICS2) is soon becoming available (and required) for the rail sector. Rail importers in the EU, Norway, Switzerland and…