{"id":592677,"date":"2026-11-05T23:56:21","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T12:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/hubble\/hubble-learns-galactic-history-from-stars\/"},"modified":"2026-11-05T23:56:21","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T12:56:21","slug":"hubble-learns-galactic-history-from-stars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/?p=592677","title":{"rendered":"Hubble Learns Galactic History From Stars"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\">\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 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padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\">\n<div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\">\n<p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">3 min read<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">Hubble Learns Galactic History From Stars<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-wide\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \" style=\"--hds-image-contain-bg:#ffffff\"><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/content\/dam\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/globular-clusters\/Hubble_M30_potm2610a.jpg\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"A star cluster seen up close, filling the view with thousands of stars. They are clearly divided between blue ones, which are scattered around the outskirts of the image but more towards the center and are the majority in the bright core of the cluster, and yellow stars, which are present in the core but make up most of the cluster outside of that. A few orange stars are closer to us and appear noticeably larger. (opens in a new tab)\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1806\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/globular-clusters\/Hubble_M30_potm2610a.jpg?w=2048&amp;h=1806&amp;%23038;fit=clip&amp;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x1806 size-2048x1806\" alt=\"A star cluster seen up close, filling the view with thousands of stars. They are clearly divided between blue ones, which are scattered around the outskirts of the image but more towards the center and are the majority in the bright core of the cluster, and yellow stars, which are present in the core but make up most of the cluster outside of that. A few orange stars are closer to us and appear noticeably larger.\" style=\"transform: scale(1);transform-origin: 50% 50%;object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features the globular star cluster called Messier 30 (M30), also called NGC 7099.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">ESA\/Hubble &#038; NASA, M. Libralato, G. Piotto, A. Sarajedini<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image provides a lesson in galactic history. The sparkling collection of stars is named <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/explore-the-night-sky\/hubble-messier-catalog\/messier-30\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Messier 30 <\/a>(M30) after the French astronomer, <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/people\/explore-the-night-sky-hubbleatms-messier-catalog-bio\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Charles Messier<\/a>, who cataloged M30 and other diffuse objects that might be mistaken for comets in the early telescopes of Messier\u2019s time. M30 lies about 27,500 light-years away in the constellation Capricornus.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M30 is a <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/universe-uncovered\/hubble-star-clusters\/#globular-clusters\" rel=\"noopener\">globular cluster<\/a>: a roughly spherical grouping of stars containing anywhere from tens of thousands to millions of stars. These clusters generally reside on the outskirts of galaxies, orbiting within a vast, diffuse region called the halo like a swarm of moths around a lightbulb. Our Milky Way galaxy has at least 150 globular clusters, the nearest of which is about 6,000 light-years away. These clusters are impressively ancient: astronomers estimate their ages are between 11.5 to 13.5 billion years, making certain globular clusters nearly as old as the universe itself.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Globular clusters have long played an important role in helping us learn about our galaxy. More than a century ago, astronomer Harlow Shapley used observations of a particular type of variable star to measure the locations of and distances to dozens of globular clusters within our galaxy. His work showed that the Sun is not in the center of our galaxy, and that the galactic center lies toward the constellation Sagittarius. (His distance measurements were incorrect, however, and he concluded that our galaxy is about twice as large as it really is.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today, astronomers continue to learn about our galaxy by observing globular clusters. Because globular clusters are so ancient, they can give us clues about how our galaxy developed long ago. Globular clusters that formed within our galaxy can act as time capsules, preserving the original chemistry of our young galaxy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, it\u2019s possible that not all globular clusters that orbit within our galaxy today formed there. Researchers have discovered that M30 and many other globular clusters orbit in the direction opposite from the way our galaxy spins. This may mean that these clusters did not form within our galaxy at all. Instead, our Milky Way galaxy may have captured them in the distant past!<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hubble has observed M30 multiple times. A <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/image-detail\/acs-image-of-messier-30\/\" rel=\"noopener\">previously released image of M30<\/a> featured data from Hubble\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/observatory\/design\/advanced-camera-for-surveys\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Advanced Camera for Surveys<\/a> (ACS) and was part of an observing program (#<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.stsci.edu\/proposal_search.php?mission=hst&amp;id=10775\" rel=\"noopener\">10775<\/a>; PI: Sarajedini) that surveyed dozens of Milky Way globular clusters in red and near-infrared light, revealing stars down to just 20% of the mass of the Sun. A more recent program (#<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.stsci.edu\/proposal_search.php?mission=hst&amp;id=13297\" rel=\"noopener\">13297<\/a>; PI: Piotto) returned to M30 and other globular clusters in our galaxy, this time observing the clusters with Hubble\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/observatory\/design\/wide-field-camera-3\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Wide Field Camera 3<\/a> and using three filters that captured bluer light. This program collected data that was critical for studying exotic objects like \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/asset\/hubble\/blue-straggler-formation\/\" rel=\"noopener\">blue straggler<\/a>\u201d stars as well as for investigating the multiple populations of stars that can inhabit a single globular cluster.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More recently, Hubble\u2019s ACS viewed many of these globular clusters again. Those observations were part of a program (#<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.stsci.edu\/proposal_search.php?mission=hst&amp;id=16298\" rel=\"noopener\">16298<\/a>, PI: Libralato) that looked at how different populations of stars in globular clusters moved over the 15 years since Hubble first observed them \u2014 a feat made possible by Hubble\u2019s longevity and ability to discern fantastically small details in distant objects.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The image above was created with data from all three observing programs and includes the wide range of wavelengths Hubble can see \u2014 ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light. Each wavelength helps us better understand how these groups of stars formed and evolved.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Text credit: ESA\/Hubble<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-social-media hds-social-media--horizontal grid-container grid-container-block nasa-gb-align-center margin-y-0 padding-y-5 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 font-weight-bold hds-module aligncenter wp-block-nasa-blocks-social-media-links\">\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-facebook\">\n<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #4267B2\">\n\t\t\t\t<title id=\"facebookIconTitle\">Facebook logo<\/title>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/NASAHubble\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAHubble on facebook\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAHubble<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-twitter\">\n<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #000000\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/NASAHubble\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAHubble on twitter\">@NASAHubble<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-instagram\">\n<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #833AB4\">\n\t\t\t\t<title id=\"instagramIconTitle\">Instagram logo<\/title>   \t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/NASAHubble\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAHubble on instagram\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAHubble<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Media Contact<\/span>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Claire Andreoli<\/strong><br \/><strong>NASA\u2019s\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Goddard Space Flight Center<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0<strong>Greenbelt, MD<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"mailto:claire.andreoli@nasa.gov\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>claire.andreoli@nasa.gov<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From Hubble<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/hubble\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble Space Telescope<\/span><\/p>\n<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Since its 1990 launch, the Hubble Space Telescope has changed our fundamental understanding of the universe.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1512\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?w=1512\" class=\"attachment-1512x1536 size-1512x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1);transform-origin: 50% 50%;object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/universe-uncovered\/hubble-star-clusters\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble\u2019s Star Clusters<\/span><\/p>\n<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">These jewels of the night sky offer us a glimpse at the lifecycle of stars.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"804\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble_liller1-jpg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x804 size-1536x804\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1);transform-origin: 50% 50%;object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/science-highlights\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble Science Highlights<\/span><\/p>\n<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Hubble&#8217;s most notable scientific discoveries reflect the broad range of research and the breakthroughs it has achieved.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"539\" height=\"565\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/internal_resources\/462\/Pillars_of_Creation-1.jpeg?w=539&amp;h=565&amp;%23038;fit=clip&amp;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-539x565 size-539x565\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1);transform-origin: 50% 50%;object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/multimedia\/hubble-images\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Explore Hubble&#8217;s iconic images of the universe, and view photos of mission operations and astronauts servicing Hubble in space.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-no-id=\"true\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1);transform-origin: 50% 50%;object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/releases\/2024\/07\/STScI-01J1X1RNTC893XMKJREG898ZXB.tif?w=1536\"><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This Hubble image features the sparkling collection of stars named Messier 30 (M30), also called NGC 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15:07:13","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"open_ai":null,"ai":null,"created":"2026-11-05 15:00:09","updated":"2026-11-05 15:07:13","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/?cat=15612\" title=\"Astrophysics\">Astrophysics<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\tHubble Learns Galactic History From Stars\n<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/"},{"label":"Astrophysics","link":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/?cat=15612"},{"label":"Hubble Learns Galactic History From 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