{"id":320695,"date":"2025-11-22T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?p=928948"},"modified":"2025-11-22T01:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:00:00","slug":"25-year-of-scientific-discovery-aboard-international-space-station","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/?p=320695","title":{"rendered":"25 Year of Scientific Discovery Aboard International Space Station"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-article-hero-header nasa-gb-align-full bg-carbon-90 width-full maxw-full color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-hero-header\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full maxw-full minh-tablet grid-container minh-tablet flex-column padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex flex-direction-column\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-3 z-400\">\n<div class=\"z-400 grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 z-400\">\n<div class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-2\">8 Min Read<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"heading-41 line-height-md color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t25 Year of Scientific Discovery Aboard International Space Station\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1022\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"NASA astronaut Kate Rubins is looking towards the left at her hands while working on an experiment on the International Space Station.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 38% 71%; object-position: 38% 71%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"eager\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=1024,681 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=1536,1022 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=900,599 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2016.jpg?resize=1200,798 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-y-3 padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>November marks 25 years of human presence aboard the International Space Station, a testament to international collaboration and human ingenuity. Since the first crew arrived on Nov. 2, 2000, NASA and its partners have conducted thousands of research investigations and technology demonstrations to advance exploration of the Moon and Mars and benefit life on Earth.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers have taken advantage of the unique microgravity environment to conduct experiments impossible to replicate on Earth, transforming research across disciplines. More than 4,000 experiments have pushed the boundaries of science, sparked discoveries, and driven scientific breakthroughs.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;25 years ago, Expedition 1 became the first crew to call the International Space Station home, beginning a period of continuous human presence in space that still continues to this day,\u201d said NASA acting administrator Sean Duffy. \u201cThis historic milestone would not have been possible without NASA and its partners, as well as every astronaut and engineer who works to keep the lights on in low Earth orbit.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To celebrate a quarter century of innovation in microgravity, NASA is highlighting 25 scientific breakthroughs that exemplify the station\u2019s enduring impact on science, technology, and exploration.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Building the <strong>road to the Moon and Mars<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A sliver of the Moon rises above Earth\u2019s thin blue atmosphere, seen against the blackness of space. On the left side of the image, part of the International Space Station\u2019s orange solar array comes into view with square grid sections along its surface.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg 5568w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/the-waxing-crescent-moon-just-above-earths-limb-40852002623-o.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The waxing crescent moon appears just above the Earth\u2019s atmosphere as the International Space Station orbits the Earth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA uses the space station as a proving ground to develop new systems and technologies <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/international-space-station-launching-nasa-and-humanity-into-deep-space\/\">for missions beyond low Earth orbit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Navigation, communication, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/artemis-1\/artemis-i-radiation-measurements-validate-orion-safety-for-astronauts\/\">radiation shielding<\/a> technologies proven aboard the space station are being integrated into spacecraft and missions to reach the Moon and Mars.<\/li>\n<li>Robotic systems, for example a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/C2kgKBvO97s\/?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet\" rel=\"noopener\">robotic surgeon<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/science-in-space-robotic-helpers\/\">autonomous assistants<\/a>, will expand available medical procedures and allow astronauts to dedicate time to more crucial tasks during missions far from Earth.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Astronauts have used <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/3d-printing-saving-weight-and-space-at-launch\/#:~:text=and%20maritime%20industries.-,Printing%20with%20plastic,-NASA%20Astronaut%20Butch\">recycled plastic<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2024\/06\/First_metal_3D_printing_on_Space_Station\" rel=\"noopener\">stainless steel<\/a> to 3D print tools and parts. The ability to 3D print in space lays the groundwork for on-demand repair and fabrication during future deep space missions where resupply isn\u2019t readily available.<\/li>\n<li>From the deployment of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/jaxas-first-wooden-satellite-deploys-from-space-station\/\">first wooden satellite<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/space-comms\/nasas-space-station-laser-comm-terminal-achieves-first-link\/\">laser communications<\/a> and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/space-station-to-host-self-healing-quantum-communications-tech-demo\/\"> self-healing quantum communications<\/a>, the space station is a proving ground for cutting-edge space technologies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Humanity\u2019s push to the Moon and Mars begins with discoveries in low Earth orbit. From demonstrating how astronauts can live, work, and repair equipment off Earth to testing life-support systems and advanced materials, every innovation aboard the station helps to advance NASA\u2019s Artemis and other exploration initiatives and brings humanity closer to thriving beyond our planet.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sustaining life beyond Earth<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Jessica Watkins wears safety goggles and blue gloves while holding a plant growth unit with leafy greens and a large tangle of roots exposed. Bob Hines, in a black shirt, looks on from the background inside the space station laboratory.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg 5568w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/iss067e149651.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA astronauts Jessica Watkins, front, and Bob Hines, back, work on XROOTS aboard the International Space Station. This experiment used the station\u2019s Veggie facility to test soilless hydroponic and aeroponic plant growth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>As NASA prepares to return humans to the Moon through the Artemis program and push onward to Mars, sustaining life beyond Earth is more critical than ever.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Astronauts have grown more than 50 species of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/ways-the-international-space-station-helps-us-study-plant-growth-in-space\/\">plants<\/a> in space, including tomatoes, bok choi, romaine lettuce, and chili peppers.<\/li>\n<li>Advanced life support systems are capable of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasa-achieves-water-recovery-milestone-on-international-space-station\/\">recycling up to 98% of water<\/a> in the U.S. segment aboard the space station, the ideal level needed for exploration missions.<\/li>\n<li>Crew health data shows how space affects the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/science-in-space-aug-25-2023-the-brain-in-microgravity\/\">brain<\/a>, vision, balance and control, and &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/counteracting-bone-and-muscle-loss-in-microgravity\/\">muscle and bone density,<\/a> guiding strategies to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/the-human-body-in-space\/\">maintain astronaut performance<\/a> during extended missions and improve health on Earth.<\/li>\n<li>Researchers have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/dna-sequencing-in-space-timeline\/\">sequenced DNA<\/a> in orbit and are advancing techniques to enable real-time assessment of microbial life in space, which is essential to maintaining astronaut health.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By growing food, recycling water, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/space-station-science-101\/space-station-science-101-human-research\/\">improving medical care<\/a> in space, NASA is paving the way for future long-duration missions to the Moon and Mars while revolutionizing agriculture and medicine back home.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Helping humanity on Earth<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1919&#038;h=1080&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1919&amp;h=1080&amp;fit=clip&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Crystals cover the left side of the frame against a rust-colored background. The crystals are translucent and vary in shape and size, most resemble a rectangular prism. A bright yellow light shines through the crystals from the background.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1919&amp;h=1080&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1536&amp;h=864&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=400&amp;h=225&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=600&amp;h=338&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=900&amp;h=507&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/jsc2024e038399\/jsc2024e038399~large.jpg?w=1200&amp;h=675&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Pharmaceutical crystals grown aboard the International Space Station are shown after returning to Earth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Redwire<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Research aboard the orbiting laboratory not only pushes humanity farther into the cosmos but can help address complex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/benefits-advancing-human-health\/\">human health issues on the ground<\/a>. By providing a platform for long-term microgravity research, the space station fosters breakthroughs that yield direct <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/benefits-for-humanity\/\">benefits to people on Earth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Research aboard the space station provides new insights to develop treatments for diseases like cancer, Alzheimer&#8217;s, Parkinson&#8217;s, and heart disease by revealing how microgravity alters <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/space-station-cell-studies\/\">cellular functions<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/crystallizing-proteins-in-space-helping-to-identify-potential-treatments-for-diseases\/\">New developments in medicine<\/a> for cancer, muscular dystrophy, and neurodegenerative diseases have come from growing protein crystals in microgravity with larger, more organized structures.<\/li>\n<li>High quality stem cells can be grown in greater quantities in space, helping to develop new regenerative therapies for neurological, cardiovascular, and immunological conditions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/3d-bioprinting\/\">Pioneering efforts in 3D bioprinting<\/a>, which uses cells, proteins, and nutrients as source material, have produced human tissue structures such as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasas-2023-space-station-achievements\/#:~:text=The%20first%20human%20knee%20meniscus%20was,organs%20for%20transplant%20on%20the%20ground.\">knee meniscus<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasas-2024-international-space-station-achievements\/#:~:text=In%20May%202024,testing%20on%20Earth.\">heart tissue<\/a>, a major step toward manufacturing organs in space for transplant patients on Earth.<\/li>\n<li>Researchers are using <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/10-things-to-know-about-tissue-chips-and-how-they-benefit-humanity\/\" rel=\"noopener\">miniaturized tissue models<\/a> to observe how space affects tissues and organ systems, offering new ways to develop and test medicines to protect astronauts on future missions and improve treatments on Earth.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/earth-observation-from-the-space-station\/#:~:text=of%20future%20events.-,Images%20From%20Space,-Astronauts%20take%20images\">Photos taken by astronauts<\/a> have supported emergency response to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, with targeted views from space.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/earth-observation-from-the-space-station\/#:~:text=Credit%3A%20NASA-,Exterior%20Instruments,-Mineral%20dust%20carried\">Instruments mounted on the space station<\/a> protect critical space infrastructure and provide data on the planet\u2019s natural patterns by measuring Earth\u2019s resources and space weather.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Microgravity research is moving us closer to manufacturing human organs in space for transplant and revealing new ways to fight cancer, heart disease, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disease, and other serious illnesses that affect millions of people worldwide. The station also serves as an observation platform to monitor natural disasters, weather patterns, and Earth\u2019s resources.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Understanding our universe<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/nasa-s-cold-atom-lab-the-coolest-experiment-in-the-universe.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/nasa-s-cold-atom-lab-the-coolest-experiment-in-the-universe.gif?w=720\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Six red lasers shine into the middle of a clear, rectangular chamber, fixating on a small, blueish white sphere.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Artist concept of operations inside NASA\u2019s Cold Atom Laboratory aboard the International Space Station.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The space station offers scientists an unparalleled vantage point to learn about the fundamental behavior of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/astrophysics-on-the-space-station\/\">universe<\/a>. By studying cosmic phenomena typically blocked or absorbed by Earth\u2019s atmosphere and observing physics at an atomic level, researchers can probe mysteries impossible to study from Earth.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Data from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/automating-an-astrophysics-collaboration-that-bridges-countries-and-galaxies\/\">X-ray telescopes<\/a> on the space station\u2019s exterior have been featured in more than 700 research publications, helping to improve our understanding of <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/nicer\/\" rel=\"noopener\">collapsing stars, black holes<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nicer\/nasas-nicer-maps-debris-from-recurring-cosmic-crashes\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ripples in the fabric of space-time<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Researchers have recorded billions of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/alpha-magnetic-spectrometer-hits-ten-years-of-space-station-research\/\">cosmic events<\/a>, helping scientists search for antimatter and dark matter signatures in space.<\/li>\n<li>Scientists have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/jpl\/nasas-cold-atom-lab-takes-one-giant-leap-for-quantum-science\/\">created and studied the fifth state of matter<\/a> on the space station, allowing researchers to use quantum science to advance technology like space navigation, satellite operations, and GPS systems on Earth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Research aboard the space station is helping us unravel the deepest mysteries of our universe, from the smallest quantum particles to the most powerful cosmic explosions. Observations of collapsing stars and black holes could inspire new navigation tools using cosmic signals and expand our grasp of space-time. Studies of antimatter and dark matter bring us closer to understanding the 95% of the universe invisible to the human eye. Creating the fifth state of matter in space unlocks new quantum pathways that could transform technology on Earth and in space.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Learning new physics<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1006\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?w=1100\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Small yellow flame spots cover a spherical space against a dark background. There is a faint blue ring surrounding the yellow clusters.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png 1100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=300,274 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=768,702 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=1024,936 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=400,366 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=600,549 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/phys_hc_space-flame.png?resize=900,823 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This image shows a flame ignited as part of the Flame Design investigation on the International Space Station.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/space-station-science-101\/space-station-science-101-physical-science\/\">Physical processes<\/a> behave differently in microgravity, offering scientists a new lens for discovery.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Engineers can design more efficient fuel and life support systems for future spacecraft thanks to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/glenn\/glenn-expertise-space-exploration\/physical-sciences-program\/fluid-science\/\">studies of fluid<\/a> boiling, containment, and flow.<\/li>\n<li>Analyzing gels and liquids mixed with tiny particles in space helps researchers fine-tune material compositions and has led to <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/biological-physical-sciences\/a-pathway-to-patents-how-procter-gamble-s-work-with-nasa-led-to-product-innovations\/\" rel=\"noopener\">new patents for consumer products<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/cool-flames-created-during-a-first-for-international-space-station-research\/\">The discovery of cool flames in space<\/a>, a phenomenon difficult to study on Earth, has opened new frontiers in combustion science and engine design. &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Breakthroughs in fundamental physics aboard the space station drive innovation on Earth and advance spacecraft fuel, thermal control, plant watering, and water purification systems. Research in soft materials is improving products in medicine, household products, and renewable energy, while cool flames studies may lead to cleaner, more efficient engines.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enabling global access to space<\/h2>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1280&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1920&amp;h=1280&amp;fit=clip&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Nichole Ayers smiles at the camera while holding a hand-held radio aboard the space station. Her long blonde hair floats upward in microgravity. To her left, a laptop and cables are mounted on the wall, and the wall behind her is decorated with several mission stickers.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1920&amp;h=1280&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=300&amp;h=200&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=768&amp;h=512&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=683&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1536&amp;h=1024&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=400&amp;h=267&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=900&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/iss072e882080\/iss072e882080~large.jpg?w=1200&amp;h=800&amp;fit=crop&amp;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA astronaut Nichole Ayers talks on a ham radio with students from Lakeside Junior High School in Springdale, Arkansas. Ayers answered questions from the students about her experience living and working aboard the International Space Station.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Since 2000, the space station has opened doors for private companies, researchers, students, and astronauts around the world to participate in exploration and help propel humanity forward to the Moon and Mars.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The space station is a launchpad for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/benefits-growing-the-low-earth-orbit\/\">the commercial space economy<\/a>, enabling private astronaut missions and hosting hundreds of experiments from commercial companies, giving them the chance to strengthen their technologies through in-orbit research, manufacturing demonstrations, and innovation.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/kennedy\/launch-services-program\/cubesat-launch-initiative\/\">CubeSats<\/a> deployed from the space station enable students and innovators around the world to test radio antennas, small telescopes, and other scientific demonstrations in space.<\/li>\n<li>More than one million students have spoken with astronauts via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/ham-radio-in-space-engaging-with-students-worldwide-for-40-years\/\">radio<\/a>, inspiring the next generation to engage with science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-visitors-by-country\/\">More than 285 crew members from more than 25 countries<\/a> have visited humanity\u2019s longest-operating outpost in space, making it a symbol of global collaboration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why this matters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The space station has enabled the space economy, where commercial research, manufacturing, and technology demonstrations are shaping a new global marketplace. NASA and its international partners have established a leadership position in low Earth orbit, creating new opportunities for industry and paving the way for exploration missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Learn more about the research aboard the International Space Station at:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/iss-science\">www.nasa.gov\/iss-science<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/20-breakthroughs-from-20-years-of-science-aboard-the-international-space-station\/\">Revisit the 20th anniversary<\/a> for more information.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/iss25\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>International Space Station: 25 Years<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">November 2, 2025, marked a historic milestone: 25 years of continuous human presence aboard the International Space Station.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1015\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=300,198 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=768,508 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=1024,677 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=1536,1015 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=2048,1354 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=400,264 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=600,397 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=900,595 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=1200,793 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/sts111-306-012orig.jpg?resize=2000,1322 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/latest-news-from-space-station-research\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Latest News from Space Station Research<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=683,1024 683w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=267,400 267w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=400,600 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=600,900 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=800,1200 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Space Station Research and Technology<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=682,1024 682w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=267,400 267w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=400,600 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=600,900 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss064e015250.jpg?resize=800,1200 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Humans In Space<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg 5568w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/51476067951-e10dfb6875-o.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>November marks 25 years of human presence aboard the International Space Station, a testament to international collaboration and human ingenuity. Since the first crew arrived on Nov. 2, 2000, NASA and its partners have conducted thousands of research investigations and technology demonstrations to advance exploration of the Moon and Mars and benefit life on Earth. 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