{"id":193503,"date":"2025-04-01T06:00:52","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T20:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/archival-data-discoveries\/"},"modified":"2025-04-01T06:00:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T20:00:52","slug":"old-missions-new-discoveries-nasas-data-archives-accelerate-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/?p=193503","title":{"rendered":"Old Missions, New Discoveries: NASA\u2019s Data Archives Accelerate Science"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\">\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-light hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 border-color-carbon-80 color-spacesuit-white\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"hds-secondary-nav-track\"><span>Explore This Section<\/span><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2 \">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items\">\n<nav>\n<ul class=\"usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center margin-0\">\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Science Overview<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/open-science-news\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Science News<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/nasa-open-science-funding-opportunities\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Funding Opportunities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/os101\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Science 101<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\">\n<div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\">\n<p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">5 min read<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">Old Missions, New Discoveries: NASA\u2019s Data Archives Accelerate Science<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1509&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1509\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1509&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\" This solar system montage of the nine planets and four large moons of Jupiter in our solar system are set against a false-color view of the Rosette Nebula.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 56% 22%; object-position: 56% 22%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"eager\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1509&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=300&#038;h=236&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=768&#038;h=604&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=805&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=1207&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=400&#038;h=314&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=600&#038;h=472&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=900&#038;h=707&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA02973\/PIA02973~large.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=943&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This montage of images taken by the Voyager spacecraft of the planets and four of Jupiter\u2019s moons is set against a false-color picture of the Rosette Nebula with Earth\u2019s moon in the foreground. Archival data from the Voyager missions continue to produce new scientific discoveries.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/JPL\/ASU<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Every NASA mission represents a leap into the unknown, collecting data that pushes the boundaries of human understanding. But the story doesn\u2019t end when the mission concludes. The data carefully preserved in NASA\u2019s archives often finds new purpose decades later, unlocking discoveries that continue to benefit science, technology, and society.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNASA\u2019s science data is one of our most valuable legacies,\u201d said Kevin Murphy, NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/about-us\/ocsdo\/?utm_source=archival_data_032025&#038;utm_medium=article&#038;%23038;utm_campaign=ocsdo\" rel=\"noopener\">chief science data officer<\/a> at NASA Headquarters in Washington. \u201cIt carries the stories of our missions, the insights of our discoveries, and the potential for future breakthroughs.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-center padding-y-3 maxw-full width-full display-flex flex-align-center hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-blockquote\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block display-flex flex-column flex-justify-center padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:display-flex mobile:display-block\">\n<div class=\"blockquote-icon margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"tablet:square-4 square-4 margin-right-3\" version=\"1.1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewBox=\"0 0 3000 3000\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 3000 3000;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"> <g> <path d=\"M586.7,1429.7c-10.7,1.5-21.4,2.8-33.9,4.5c6.9-26.6,12.7-50.7,19.5-74.6c32.4-114.1,78.5-222.2,146.8-319.5 c90.2-128.5,202.5-235.3,327.7-329.1c8.4-6.3,16.7-12.6,25.3-19.1c-66.3-105.1-131.5-208.6-197.3-313.1c-3.5,1.2-5.5,1.6-7.2,2.6 C714.4,469,576.1,575.7,456,705.3c-126,135.9-226.2,289.1-303,457.8c-98.8,217.1-151.3,444-147.2,683.3 c1.7,100.5,12.9,199.6,41.1,296.3C93.7,2303,182.2,2433,326.7,2520.1c176.9,106.7,366.8,126.8,563.4,70.5 c150.9-43.2,260.9-138.9,327.2-282.5c33.4-72.5,47.8-149.4,52-228.7c6.5-122.8-14.1-239.5-74.3-348.1 C1074.6,1514.5,832.7,1394.2,586.7,1429.7z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2912.5,1722c-129.9-210.9-320.2-309.4-567.9-296c-22.1,1.2-44,5.1-67.4,7.9c2.2-9.6,4-17.9,6.1-26.2 c37.9-153.6,99.3-296,198.8-420.5c77.8-97.4,167.1-182.9,265.8-258.8c15.6-12,31.3-23.9,47.9-36.5 c-66.2-105.1-131.9-209.2-197.2-312.8c-3.5,1.1-5.1,1.2-6.4,2c-167.2,95.6-316.1,213.7-443.2,358.8 c-105.1,119.9-191.1,252.3-259.5,396.3c-95.5,201-152.1,411.6-159.1,634.8c-3.9,125.5,4.8,249.7,40.1,371 c46.7,160.8,135.7,290.9,280.5,378.7c165.7,100.5,344.8,123,531.2,78.8c172.4-40.8,296.4-143.9,366.3-308.5 c28.5-67.2,40.6-138,44.6-210.5C3000.2,1953.3,2979.9,1831.4,2912.5,1722z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"blockquote-content\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n<h2 class=\"font-weight-extralight line-height-sm margin-top-0 section-heading-sm\"><span class=\"section-heading-sm\">NASA\u2019s science data is one of our most valuable legacies.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex\">\n<div class=\"blockquote-image hds-cover-wrapper margin-right-3\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?w=150&#038;h=150&#038;%23038;crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Kevin Murphy\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kevin-murphy-headshot.jpg?resize=600,600 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-11\">\n<p class=\"blockquote-credit-name line-height-sm margin-0\">Kevin Murphy<\/p>\n<p class=\"blockquote-credit-title line-height-sm padding-0 margin-0\">Chief Science Data Officer, NASA Science Mission Directorate<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Science Mission Directorate manages an immense amount of data, spanning astrophysics, biological and physical sciences, Earth science, heliophysics, and planetary science. Currently, NASA\u2019s science data holdings exceed 100 petabytes\u2014enough to store 20 billion photos from the average modern smartphone. This volume is expected to grow significantly with new missions.<\/p>\n<p>This vast amount of data enables new discoveries, connecting scientific observations together in meaningful ways. Over 50% of scientific publications rely on archived data, which NASA provides to millions of commercial, government, and scientific users. <\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=1296&#038;h=696&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1296\" height=\"696\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=1296&#038;h=696&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Image snippets showing Earth, the Carina nebula, Jupiter, the surface of the Sun, and a cell.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=1296&#038;h=696&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1296w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=300&#038;h=161&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=768&#038;h=412&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=1024&#038;h=550&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=400&#038;h=215&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=600&#038;h=322&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=900&#038;h=483&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Sciences.png?w=1200&#038;h=644&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1296px) 100vw, 1296px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA\u2019s five science divisions \u2014 Astrophysics, Biological and Physical Sciences, Earth Science, Heliophysics, and Planetary Science \u2014 store petabytes\u2019 worth of data in their archives that enable scientists to continually make discoveries.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Managing and stewarding such massive volumes of information requires careful planning, robust infrastructure, and innovative strategies to ensure the data is accessible, secure, and sustainable. Continued support for data storage and cutting-edge technology is key to ensuring future generations of researchers can continue to explore using science data from NASA missions.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Modern technology, such as image processing and artificial intelligence, helps unlock new insights from previous observations. For example, in 1986, NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/voyager\/voyager-2\/\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Voyager 2<\/a> spacecraft conducted a historic flyby of Uranus, capturing detailed data on the planet and its environment. Decades later, in the early 2000s, scientists used advanced image processing techniques on this archival data to discover two small moons, Perdita and Cupid, which had gone unnoticed during the initial analysis.<\/p>\n<p>In 2024, researchers revisited this 38-year-old archival data and identified a critical solar wind event that compressed Uranus\u2019s magnetosphere just before the Voyager 2 flyby. This rare event, happening only about four percent of the time, provided unique insights into Uranus\u2019s magnetic field and its interaction with space weather.<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1248&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1248\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1248&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"The energized particles around Uranus defied scientist's understanding of how magnetic fields work to trap particle radiation.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1248&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=300&#038;h=195&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=768&#038;h=499&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=666&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=998&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=400&#038;h=260&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=600&#038;h=390&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=900&#038;h=585&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA26069\/PIA26069~large.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=780&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The first panel of this artist\u2019s concept depicts how Uranus\u2019s magnetosphere (its protective bubble) was behaving before Voyager 2\u2019s flyby. The second panel shows that an unusual kind of solar weather was happening at the same time as the spacecraft\u2019s flyby, giving scientists a skewed view of Uranus\u2019s magnetosphere. The work enabled by archival Voyager data contributes to scientists\u2019 understanding of this enigmatic planet.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/JPL-Caltech<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/lro\/\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter<\/a> (LRO), launched in 2009, continues to provide data that reshapes our understanding of the Moon. In 2018, scientists analyzing the LRO\u2019s archival data confirmed the presence of water ice in permanently shadowed regions at the Moon\u2019s poles.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/solar-system\/moon\/nasas-lro-lunar-ice-deposits-are-widespread\/\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">new studies<\/a> out of NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, showed widespread evidence of water ice within the permanently shadowed regions outside the lunar South Pole, further aiding lunar mission planners. This discovery not only holds implications for lunar exploration but also demonstrates how existing data can yield groundbreaking insights.<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=2560&#038;h=1440&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=2560&#038;h=1440&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Artist rendering of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter LRO, above the moon.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=2560&#038;h=1440&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=576&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=864&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=2048&#038;h=1152&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=600&#038;h=338&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=900&#038;h=506&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=675&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/PIA18163\/PIA18163~orig.jpg?w=2000&#038;h=1125&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Artist rendering of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) above the Moon. LRO carries seven instruments that make comprehensive remote sensing observations of the Moon and measurements of the lunar radiation environment. Archival data from LRO continues to help scientists make discoveries about the Moon.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/GSFC<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA\u2019s data archives uncover the secrets of our own planet as well as others. In 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/antiquity\/article\/running-out-of-empty-space-environmental-lidar-and-the-crowded-ancient-landscape-of-campeche-mexico\/FFDB435047017853F26CFC5D8804B08D\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">archaeologists published a study<\/a> revealing a \u201clost\u201d Mayan city in Campeche, Mexico that was previously unknown to the scientific community. The researchers identified the city in archival airborne Earth science data, including a 2013 dataset from NASA Goddard\u2019s LiDAR Hyperspectral &#038; Thermal Imager (G-LiHT) mission.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/hls.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2<\/a> (HLS) project provides frequent high-resolution observations of Earth\u2019s surface. Data from HLS has been instrumental in tracking urban growth over time. By analyzing changes in land cover, researchers have used HLS to monitor the expansion of cities and infrastructure development. For example, in rapidly growing metropolitan areas, HLS data has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/data\/catalog\/sedac-ciesin-sedac-lulc-puexpans-2030-1.00\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">revealed patterns of urban sprawl<\/a>, helping planners analyze past trends to predict future metropolitan expansion.<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module alignwide wp-block-nasa-blocks-image-before-after\">\n<div class=\"NasaBlocksImageBeforeAfterBlock grid-container grid-row grid-container-block bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-0 padding-y-6 margin-x-auto nasa-block-align-wide\">\n<div class=\"padding-x-0 grid-col-12\">\n<p>\t\t\t<!-- curtain view --><\/p>\n<div class=\"img-comparison-slider-parent comparison-view-active\">\n\t\t\t\t<img-comparison-slider><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" slot=\"first\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" slot=\"second\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/img-comparison-slider><\/p>\n<div class=\"curtain-view-label-wrapper curtain-view-before\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"curtain-view-label\">1985<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"curtain-view-label-wrapper curtain-view-after\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"curtain-view-label\">2010<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<!-- toggle view --><\/p>\n<div class=\"toggle-comparison-parent\">\n\t\t\t\t<!-- if image_1 is active the show image_1 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover toggle-view-image toggle-view-before-image toggle-view-active\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"This natural color Landsat 5 image shows the city of Ontario, California, from above in the year 1985. Vegetation is green and brown and urban structures are bright white and gray. There is a large dry riverbed in the northeast corner that is also bright white, but its nonlinear appearance sets it apart visually.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 980w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=600&#038;h=337&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=900&#038;h=506&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- if image_2 is active the show image_2 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover toggle-view-image toggle-view-after-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"This natural color Landsat 5 image shows the city of Ontario, California, from above in the year 2010. The airport, found in the southwest portion of the image, added a number of runways since 1985, and large warehousing structures now dominate the once rural areas surrounding the airport. Vegetation is green and brown and urban structures are bright white and gray. There is a large dry riverbed in the northeast corner that is also bright white, but its nonlinear appearance sets it apart visually.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 980w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=600&#038;h=337&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=900&#038;h=506&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<div class=\"toggle-button-container padding-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle-view-before-button toggle-comparison-view-active margin-right-1px\"><span class=\"toggle-view-before-label\">1985<\/span><\/button><button class=\"toggle-view-after-button margin-left-1px\"><span class=\"toggle-view-after-label\">2010<\/span><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<!-- 2-up view --><\/p>\n<div class=\"two-up-view position-relative bg-carbon-10\">\n<div class=\"grid-row\">\n<div class=\"grid-col flex-3 padding-top-4 padding-bottom-4\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"This natural color Landsat 5 image shows the city of Ontario, California, from above in the year 1985. Vegetation is green and brown and urban structures are bright white and gray. There is a large dry riverbed in the northeast corner that is also bright white, but its nonlinear appearance sets it apart visually.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 980w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=600&#038;h=337&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario1985.jpg?w=900&#038;h=506&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bg-spacesuit-white width-2px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col flex-3 padding-top-4 padding-bottom-4\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"This natural color Landsat 5 image shows the city of Ontario, California, from above in the year 2010. The airport, found in the southwest portion of the image, added a number of runways since 1985, and large warehousing structures now dominate the once rural areas surrounding the airport. Vegetation is green and brown and urban structures are bright white and gray. There is a large dry riverbed in the northeast corner that is also bright white, but its nonlinear appearance sets it apart visually.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=980&#038;h=551&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 980w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=600&#038;h=337&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/Landsat5Ontario2010.jpg?w=900&#038;h=506&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"curtain-view-label-wrapper curtain-view-before\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"curtain-view-label\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1985\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"curtain-view-label-wrapper curtain-view-after\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"curtain-view-label\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2010\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<!-- Under image content --><\/p>\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-row title-row padding-x-2 desktop:padding-x-0 padding-top-2\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6\">\n<p class=\"before-after-heading margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBefore and After\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"before-after-title margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tUrban Growth in Ontario, California\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n<p class=\"before-after-subheading margin-top-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1985-2010\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 button-row margin-bottom-3 tablet:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Update onClick handlers --><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Curtain view\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"comparison-view curtain-view-button comparison-view-active padding-bottom-1 margin-left-1\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>Curtain<\/button><button\n\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Toggle view\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"comparison-view toggle-view-button padding-bottom-1 margin-left-1\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>Toggle<\/button><button\n\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Two-Up view\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"comparison-view two-up-view-button padding-bottom-1 margin-left-1\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>2-Up<\/button>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t<!-- Image detail area --><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-details-panel padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"before-after-details-divider padding-y-2\">\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- OnClick handleImageDetailsClick --><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"image-details-toggle-button\"\n\t\t\t\t><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Image Details<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<!-- style - if showImageDetails, then transform rotate(180deg), else none --><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\"\n\t\t\t\t\twidth=\"14\"\n\t\t\t\t\theight=\"15\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 14 15\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<circle\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcx=\"7\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcy=\"7.5\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tr=\"6.5\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"#58585B\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfill-rule=\"evenodd\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclip-rule=\"evenodd\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M7.0002 8.23854L9.26318 5.95996L9.80019 6.50067L7.0002 9.31996L4.2002 6.50067L4.73721 5.95996L7.0002 8.23854Z\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"#58585B\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<!-- if showImageDetails, then display --><\/p>\n<div id=\"image-details\" class=\" padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row\">\n<div class=\"grid-col flex-2\">\n<div class=\"image-details-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThirty-five miles due east of downtown Los Angeles lies the city of Ontario, California. These natural color Landsat 5 images show the massive growth of the city between 1985 and 2010. The airport, found in the southwest portion of the images, added a number of runways, and large warehousing structures now dominate the once rural areas surrounding the airport. In these images, vegetation is green and brown, while urban structures are bright white and gray. A large dry riverbed in the northeast corner is also bright white, but its nonlinear appearance sets it apart visually. Researchers use archival data from Landsat and other satellites to track the growth of cities like Ontario, CA over time.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- File List --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>These discoveries represent only a fraction of what\u2019s possible. NASA is investing in new technologies to harness the full potential of its data archives, including <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/artificial-intelligence-science\/?utm_source=archival_data_032025&#038;utm_medium=article&#038;%23038;utm_campaign=ocsdo\" rel=\"noopener\">artificial intelligence (AI) foundation models<\/a>\u2014open-source AI tools designed to extract new findings from existing science data.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur vision is to develop at least one AI model for each NASA scientific discipline, turning decades of legacy data into a treasure trove of discovery,\u201d said Murphy. \u201cBy embedding NASA expertise into these tools, we ensure that our scientific data continues to drive innovation across science, industry, and society for generations to come.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Developed under a collaboration between NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/about-us\/ocsdo\/?utm_source=archival_data_032025&#038;utm_medium=article&#038;%23038;utm_campaign=ocsdo\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of the Chief Science Data Officer<\/a>, IBM, and universities, these AI models are scientifically validated and adaptable to new datasets, making them invaluable for researchers and industries alike.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s like having a virtual assistant that leverages decades of NASA\u2019s knowledge to make smarter, quicker decisions,\u201d said Murphy.<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1920&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1920&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=150&#038;h=150&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=300&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=768&#038;h=768&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=1536&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=50&#038;h=50&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=100&#038;h=100&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=200&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=400&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=600&#038;h=600&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=900&#038;h=900&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431\/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001431~large.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=1200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">On June 22, 2013, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 captured this false-color image of the East Peak fire burning in southern Colorado near Trinidad. Burned areas appear dark red, while actively burning areas look orange. Dark green areas are forests; light green areas are grasslands. Data from Landsat 8 were used to train the Prithvi artificial intelligence model, which can help detect burn scars.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA Earth Observatory<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The team\u2019s Earth science foundation models\u2014the <a href=\"https:\/\/huggingface.co\/ibm-nasa-geospatial\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prithvi Geospatial model<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/huggingface.co\/Prithvi-WxC\"  rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prithvi Weather model<\/a>\u2014analyze vast datasets to monitor Earth\u2019s changing landscape, track weather patterns, and support critical decision-making processes.<\/p>\n<p>Building on this success, the team is now developing a foundation model for heliophysics. This model will unlock new insights about the dynamics of solar activity and space weather, which can affect satellite operations, communication systems, and even power grids on Earth. Additionally, a model designed for the Moon is in progress, aiming to enhance our understanding of lunar resources and environments.<\/p>\n<p>This investment in AI not only shortens the \u201cdata-to-discovery\u201d timeline but also ensures that NASA\u2019s data archives continue to drive innovation. From uncovering new planets to informing future exploration and supporting industries on Earth, the possibilities are boundless.<\/p>\n<p>By maintaining extensive archives and embracing cutting-edge technologies, the agency ensures that the data collected today will continue to inspire and inform discoveries far into the future. In doing so, NASA\u2019s legacy science data truly remains the gift that keeps on giving.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>By\u00a0Amanda Moon Adams<\/em><br \/><em>Communications Lead for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/about-us\/ocsdo\/?utm_source=archival_data_032025&#038;utm_medium=article&#038;%23038;utm_campaign=ocsdo\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of the Chief Science Data Officer<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 nasa_template_article_b hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?via=NASA&#038;text=Old%20Missions%2C%20New%20Discoveries%3A%20NASA%E2%80%99s%20Data%20Archives%20Accelerate%20Science&#038;%23038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fopen-science%2Farchival-data-discoveries%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on X.\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 1227\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li 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2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Mar 31, 2025<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"article-tags\">\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/category\/organizations\/ocio\/dt\/ai\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/landsat\" rel=\"noopener\">Landsat<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/lro\" rel=\"noopener\">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/voyager-2\" rel=\"noopener\">Voyager 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/category\/missions\/voyager-program\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Voyager Program<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\n<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n<h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/artist-data-visualization\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"4032\" height=\"3024\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=4032&#038;h=3024&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=4032&#038;h=3024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4032w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=300&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=768&#038;h=576&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=768&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=1152&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=2048&#038;h=1536&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=400&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=900&#038;h=675&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=900&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/open-science\/article-media\/ARTECHOUSE.jpg?w=2000&#038;h=1500&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4032px) 100vw, 4032px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Open Data Turns Science Into Art<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1 month ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/science-enabling-technology\/2023-entrepreneurs-challenge-winner-skyline-nav-ai-revolutionizing-gps-independent-navigation-with-computer-vision\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1190\" height=\"414\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=1190&#038;h=414&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=1190&#038;h=414&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1190w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=300&#038;h=104&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=768&#038;h=267&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=1024&#038;h=356&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=400&#038;h=139&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=600&#038;h=209&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/science-enabling-technology\/technology-highlights\/2025\/NYC_Land.png?w=900&#038;h=313&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1190px) 100vw, 1190px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">2023 Entrepreneurs Challenge Winner Skyline Nav AI: Revolutionizing GPS-Independent Navigation with Computer Vision<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 months ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/astronomy-data-sonification\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"3600\" height=\"2338\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=3600&#038;h=2338&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=3600&#038;h=2338&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=300&#038;h=195&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=768&#038;h=499&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=1024&#038;h=665&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=1536&#038;h=998&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=2048&#038;h=1330&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=400&#038;h=260&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=600&#038;h=390&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=900&#038;h=585&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=1200&#038;h=779&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/astro\/universe\/2023\/09\/crab_lg.jpeg?w=2000&#038;h=1299&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3600px) 100vw, 3600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">4 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Open Science Reveals Sounds of Space<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 months ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/open-science\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Open Science at NASA<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">NASA&#8217;s commitment to open science fuels groundbreaking research while maximizing transparency, innovation, and collaboration.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1022\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=1024,681 1024w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=1536,1022 1536w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=900,599 900w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/iss036e022667large.jpg?resize=1200,798 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/parker-solar-probe\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Parker Solar Probe<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">On a mission to \u201ctouch the Sun,\u201d NASA&#8217;s Parker Solar Probe became the first spacecraft to fly through the corona\u2026<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp 2850w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/observingsunposter-jpg.webp?resize=2000,2000 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/artificial-intelligence-science\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Artificial Intelligence for Science<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">NASA is creating artificial intelligence tools to help researchers use NASA&#8217;s science data more effectively.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"2588\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=2500&#038;h=2588&#038;%23038;fit=clip&#038;%23038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=2500&#038;h=2588&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2500w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=290&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 290w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=768&#038;h=795&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=989&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 989w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=1484&#038;h=1536&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1484w, 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https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/cds\/ai-for-science\/ai-for-science-hero.jpg?w=1932&#038;h=2000&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1932w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/james-webb-space-telescope\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>James Webb Space Telescope<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Webb is the premier observatory of the next decade, serving thousands of astronomers worldwide. It studies every phase in the\u2026<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"890\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp 3600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=300,174 300w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=768,445 768w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=1024,593 1024w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=1536,890 1536w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=2048,1186 2048w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=400,232 400w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=600,348 600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=900,521 900w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=1200,695 1200w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/main-image-star-forming-region-carina-nircam-final-5mb-1-jpeg.webp?resize=2000,1158 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Every NASA mission represents a leap into the unknown, collecting data that pushes the boundaries of human understanding. But the story doesn\u2019t end when the mission concludes. The data carefully preserved in NASA\u2019s archives often finds new purpose decades later, unlocking discoveries that continue to benefit science, technology, and society. \u201cNASA\u2019s science data is one [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7124,16159,16034,16160,16161,16162],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-193503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artificial-intelligence-ai","category-landsat","category-lunar-reconnaissance-orbiter-lro","category-open-science","category-voyager-2","category-voyager-program"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193503","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=193503"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193503\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193995,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193503\/revisions\/193995"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=193503"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=193503"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vibewire.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=193503"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}